SELECT 
  tmall_products.* 
FROM 
  tmall_products 
WHERE 
  tmall_products.product_id IN (
    12, 17, 148, 180, 187, 232, 230, 231, 18, 
    16, 4, 5, 23, 24, 170, 1, 22, 149, 227, 
    78
  )

Query time 0.00793

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost": 0.035335462,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "tmall_products",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
          "loops": 1,
          "rows": 20,
          "cost": 0.035335462,
          "filtered": 100,
          "index_condition": "tmall_products.product_id in (12,17,148,180,187,232,230,231,18,16,4,5,23,24,170,1,22,149,227,78)"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}